5. The anatomy and physiology of plants and animals illustrate the complementary nature of structure and function. As a basis for understanding this concept, students know:

a. plants and animals have levels of organization for structure and function, including cells, tissues, organs organ systems, and the whole organism.

b. organ systems function because of the contributions of individual organs tissues, and cells. The failure of any part can affect the entire system.

c. how bones and muscles work together to provide a structural framework for movement.

d. how the reproductive organs of the human female and male generate eggs and sperm, and how sexual activity may lead to fertilization and pregnancy.

e. the function of the umbilicus and placenta during pregnancy.

f. the structures and processes by which flowering plants generate pollen and ovules, seeds, and fruit.

g. how to relate the structures of the eye and ear to their functions.